Profitability Analysis Essay - 1556 Words

BAE Business report on Woolworths Limited Student name: Can CAO (Phil) Student number: 32174 Class: BAE 5 Date: 18 June 2013 Word count: 1307 Table of contents Executive summary--------------------------------------------------------1 1 Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------2 2 Evaluation of ethical behavior---------------------------------------3 3 Evaluation of profitability analysis---------------------------------4 4 Conclusion and recommendation----------------------------------8†¦show more content†¦However, the company rejected to participate in the gambling reforms, which made it impossible to help addicted problem gamblers (Willingham 2012, para 1). It is an indisputable fact that Woolworths’ behavior is extremely unethical due to the ignorance of social responsibility, which is an important factor in running a business. Woolworths certainly can make massive profits from gambling machines in the short term, but in the long term its unethical behavior will damage enterprise image and harm the company’s reputation. This unethical behavior of Woolworths made their customers lose confidence, by which meant it may be in danger of losing its business. Moreover, it will have a huge influence on young teenagers, especially those under 18 years old, as most of them are not self- disciplined. As a socially responsible company, Woolworths limited should take into account this unethical behavior and take immediate steps to correct it. The primary goal of the ethical investor is to get profit from ethical investment, but Woolworths did not perform well in ethics. 3. Evaluation of profitability analysis Making profit is the major goal of all business entity. Without profitability the business entity will not survive in the long term. Measuring the profitability of Woolworths is helpful for an ethical investor who wants to achieve the best return on investment. Chart 1: Growth rates ofShow MoreRelatedProfitability Analysis419 Words   |  2 PagesProfitability Analysis Retail Food Service Total Sales 60,000,000 40,000,000 100,000,000 Gross Profit Margin 70% 45% Unit Gross Profits 42,000,000 18,000,000 60,000,000 Expenses Personal Selling 4,000,000 1,000,000 5,000,000 Sales Promotions 8,000,000 0 8,000,000 Order Processing 7,000,000 3,000,000 10,000,000 Packaging 4,000,000 1,000,000 5,000,000 Delivery 8,000,000 2,000,000 10,000,000 Labeling 2,000,000 0 2,000,000 AR Financing Costs 300,000 100Read MoreA Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines11162 Words   |  45 PagesISSUES IN ACCOUNTING EDUCATION Vol. 26, No. 1 2011 pp. 181–200 American Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.181 A Case Study on Cost Estimation and Proï ¬ tability Analysis at Continental Airlines Francisco J. Romà ¡n ABSTRACT: This case exposes students to the application of regression analyses to be used as a tool pursuant to understanding cost behavior and forecasting future costs using publicly available data from Continental Airlines. Speciï ¬ cally, the case focuses on Read MoreA Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines8979 Words   |  36 PagesA Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines Francisco J. Romà ¡n Introduction In 2008, the senior management team at Continental Airlines, commanded by Lawrence Kellner, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, convened a special meeting to discuss the firm’s latest quarterly financial results. A bleak situation lay before them. Continental had incurred an operating loss of $71 million dollars—its second consecutive quarterly earnings decline that yearRead MoreProfitability Analysis and Analytical Issues11306 Words   |  46 Pages140 SU 3: Profitability Analysis and Analytical Issues QUESTIONS 3.1 Profitability Ratios Questions 1 and 2 are based on the following information. The financial statements for Dividendosaurus, Inc., for the current year are as follows: Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Net fixed assets Total $100 200 50 600 $950 Accounts payable Long-term debt Capital stock Retained earnings Total $140 300 260 250 $950 1. Dividendosaurus has return on assetsRead MoreProfitability Analysis of Steel Industry2678 Words   |  11 PagesIndustrial Organization and Competitive Strategy Analysis of competitive advantage of Tata Steel in the Indian Steel Industry. Submitted by:- Himanshu Singh, G12024 Paul Jacob, G12034 Aninda Goswamy, G12008 Objective: This study has multiple goals:- 1. To find out if Tata Steel does enjoy a competitive advantage vis-à  -vis other players in the Steel industry in India. 2. To ascertain the source of this competitive advantage. 3. Find out if this competitive advantage is sustainableRead MoreCustomer Profitability Analysis Of Argos Ltd1108 Words   |  5 PagesACC 202 group assignment Customer profitability analysis of Argos Ltd 11201211 Narmaya Thapa 11500729 Bibek Nair Chhetri 11401132 Jewon Na Executive summary The following assignment mainly focuses on customers profitability based upon the sales made. The actual meaning of customer’s profitability is revenue earned by customers less the cost associated with them. Above calculation shows the company’s profitability in a certain time, through various customers. These typesRead MoreProfitability and Creditworthiness Analysis for the Southwest Airlines1680 Words   |  7 PagesProfitability and Creditworthiness Analysis for the Southwest Airlines (LUV Ââ€" NYSE symbol) : Various financial ratios are used by managers and investors to analyze companys financial health. In this section we describe return on equity analysis to measure the Southwests performance. ROE is viewed as one of the most important financial ratios. It is used in an effort to evaluate managements ability to monitor and control expenses and to earn a profit on resources committed to the business. ThreeRead MoreWalmart vs Sears: Profitability Analysis1202 Words   |  5 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is intended analyze and compare the operating profitability of Sears, Roebuck and Co. (SRC), and Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (WM) for the accounting periods of 1996 and 1997. It is concluded that: †¢ SRC offers superior returns on common equity (ROCE). This undoubtedly reflects the greater amount of debt in the capital structure vis a vis WM, and a stronger gross margin. However, SRC’s ROCE has declined in the last year mainly because a reaffirmation chargeRead MoreHarley Davidson Analysis Report: Solvency and Profitability1435 Words   |  6 Pages| Harley-Davidson, Inc. | Analysis Report: Solvency and Profitability | | | | Introduction: The purpose of this analysis report is to discuss the solvency and profitability of Harley-Davidson, Inc. (HOG) and formulate a measurement for is financial standing and profitability by comparison to the Industry in which it resides. Solvency is determined from data collected in the 2012 SEC Harley-Davidson, Inc. 10K report, and calculated based upon the solvency ratio; Solvency equals AfterRead MoreCase Analysis: Profitability of Wendys Chilli.1657 Words   |  7 Pagestotal sales. The chili was most popular between the months of October through March. During these months, 60 percent of the total annual chili sales occurred. Management was faced with deciding which product would be best to sustain long-term profitability. Wendys revenues were derived from the sales made from company-owned restaurants, from royalties paid to the company by owners of franchised restaurants, from fees paid by the owners of franchised restaurants for technical assistance and from

Fast Food Leads to a Fast Death - 782 Words

Fast food, the leading causes of obesity, leads to a fast death. The very things we eat to stay alive may very well be our downfall in the end. Fast food is becoming a part of an unhealthy American lifestyle, and as a consequence of over consumerism more and more health and economic issues are arising and becoming relevant in our population. In the United States, fast food poses major medical tissues to the population. Most of it starts with overconsumption. When fast food is eaten three times more a week, many medical risks are heightened for younger people. The risk for asthma, diabetes, and heart problems rises rapidly for kids who consume Fast food three plus times a week. : A 39% increased asthma risk for teens and a 27% increased asthma risk for younger adolescent population. (Phillip-#5)† Several long term health conditions are linked to obesity and Fast Food.† Things such as diabetes, stroke, joint disorders, heart disease and cancers.†(Phillip#3). Our body is very reliable on chemical stability, so any actuation can have serious consequences. Depression can be triggered by poor serration and insulin levels. Serotonin regulates emotions and anxiety while insulin regulates glucose in red blood cells. Poor diet, leads to unbalanced chemicals which causes the brain to malfunction. â€Å"People who eat fast food) three times more a week had 2-fold insulin resistance than those who ate it only once a week.†(Phillip#2) The obesity and fat percentage comes into playShow MoreRelatedObesity And Fast Food1444 Words   |  6 Pagesleading cause of deaths after tobacco use in the United States? In the United States, obesity is one of the public health issues that causes thousand of deaths. When a person’s body mass index shows an extremely high number, he or she is considered having obesity. It is important because it is a serious health problem due to mortality and morbidity. In addition, eating many unhealthy food and lacking exer cises lead to dangerous chronic illnesses which then leads to premature death. Lifestyle choicesRead MoreEating : A Responsibility For Life969 Words   |  4 PagesResponsibility for Life Everyday, each individual makes approximately 200 food and drink choices. Food is a physiological necessity for people; it guarantees the survival, the growth and the development of human beings. The human body could be compared as a machine that in order to function properly it needs the right fuel. However, not all the foods are good. The wrong kind could burn out the whole machine as well as eating junk food can destroy the body by causing numerous health complication. One ofRead MoreTime to Junk Junk Food656 Words   |  3 Pagesjunk junk food Tired, crabby, or unfocused in class? Perhaps it’s the food you are eating. The excessive intake of junk food and the lack of healthy food has recently become a serious problem among people. There are many reasons to get rid out of junk food and replace it by a good healthy diet. Although many people believe that junk food is more tasty than healthy ones and provide the body with energy, it contributes in obesity and leads to addiction. Fast food is a majorRead MoreHow Fast Food Is Addictive1436 Words   |  6 Pagestopic of fast food, most of us will readily agree that it’s unhealthy. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of whether it causes addiction. While some are convinced that it doesn’t, others are convinced that advertisements help brain wash the new generation. Along with the chemicals added to the fast food to help contribute to the addiction cycle. My own view is that fast food is addictive. In my point of view fast food is addictive because it seems that the more fast foodRead MoreInformative Speech- Fast Food Essays865 Words   |  4 PagesFast Food Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about fast food in the United States and its effects. Central Idea: The history of fast food, the effects of eating fast food, and its effect on the United States. Introduction I. Anywhere you go, there is a good chance there will be a fast food restaurant nearby. A. It’s the easy way out of cooking dinner, or grabbing something fast because you didn’t have time to make anything. B. Fast food may taste good, but have you ever thoughtRead MoreFast Food Vs Healthy Food Essay1120 Words   |  5 PagesFast food has been an extremely evident food supplier in the past 10 years, so I have decided to investigate further into the fast food world. I am looking into the â€Å"battle† between fast food and healthy food, and why fast food is so cheap compared to healthy food. There’s something about fast food, I have just been so passionate about it, and have always wondered what’s in fast food and why is it so inexpensive. I feel like fast food ingredients and prices should be expressed to the public, in whichRead MoreFast Food Contain Harmful Food Additives1419 Words   |  6 PagesDate: 11/11/2012 Fast Food Contain Harmful Food Additives In America, fast food chains are a significant symbol of the American traditional food trends which expand widely and grow fast all over the world. Thus, a large number of Americans eat fast food as their daily diet. However, these tasty fast foods are highly processed foods which are filled with plenty of chemicals, additives and preservatives. By adding these additives and artificial flavorings into fast foods, so the food is attractive andRead MoreFast Food : An Alternative Food Source1080 Words   |  5 Pages Fast Food By max Cornett Fast food is an alternative food source for many people around the world who have little time or money for a homemade meal or for a meal cooked at a restaurant. However fast food can also cause many problems with our bodies if it is consumed to often or in very large quantities. The fast food epidemic has caused increasing amounts of people being labeled as overweightRead MoreChanges in the Food Supply Through History811 Words   |  3 PagesFood is any substance that can provide nutritious support for the body. Historically, people get food through two methods: hunting and gathering, and agriculture. Today, most of the food supply consumed by the world population is provided by the food industry. So how has the food changed and what’s wrong with it nowadays? First of all, I would like to start off by talking about the problems with food, and more individually, the food industry. Since technology came, the food industry has really begunRead MoreFast Food Restaurants And Their Effects969 Words   |  4 PagesFast-Food Restaurants and Their Effects In America, there are numerous of fast-food restaurants that many people enjoy eating at. People choose to eat at fast-food restaurants, because it is very convenient and they do not have to go home and prepare a meal. In addition, fast-food is usually cheaper for a family as well. However, the food from the restaurants are causing multiple problems in today’s society. It has a significant impact on American’s health which is leading to deaths and obesity

Business Organization Free Essays

I started my Lawn Mowing Service as a sole proprietorship. I bought the lawn mover, edge trimmer, gasoline, and rake. I mowed neighbor’s yards. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now I got all the profits. If I did a bad job, or could not mow because of weather, I took a loss. I was very successful and made a lot of money and had 100 yards to tend every month. But I got tired of mowing 100 yards a month and working between 10 and 12 hour days. I needed help. I asked my parents if they would help and I would pay them half of what I made on each yard they mowed. They said: â€Å"No, we want the full amount for each yard mowed. The only way that they would be able to get the full amount is to produce their own yard service tools. If I had to provide them, I did not want to lose money for my material. We agreed to a deal that everything would be 50/50. This is when we formed a partnership. We agreed to 50/50 as they would take half the work and produce half the equipment needed. Even though it was my idea and business, 50/50 is better than no help at all and they are footing half the expenses. With this help, my business was growing faster and we were making money like crazy. With our business growing, other members of the family wanted in on the action. However, none of them wanted to actually work directly on the business as they had other jobs and did not want to work out in the heat. So, we formed a limited liability company. Each of them put up an investment, and we purchased more lawn service tools and trucks so we could easily move large mowers around town. The investment was also used to advertise the business. With having more customers now, we hired professional people what would do a great job of mowing yards and would be friendly with our customers. With having more customers, all the investors were paid back their investment and were now making a profit. At this point we were ready to expand our business to include tree service as well as landscaping. We wanted to expand so we could get contracts with the county, city, and state to mow the grass along the highways, interstates, and county roads. To expand our business, we needed a loan. We went to the bank, but they bank said: â€Å"No. Your business is too small and you do not have any assets to cover the loan. So, we decided to form a joint-stock company and made the stockholders liable for debts. In other words, we used their houses and or vehicles as collateral. When we went back to the bank they said: â€Å"Yes, a loan is no problem. If you don’t make good on the loan we’ll use the collateral to repay the debt. † With the money we were ready to expand. At the last minute we decided to buy a piece of property and open up our own nursery. This now allow ed our customers to come and pick out plants that they would like to see in their landscaping instead of us taking them to a competitor to purchase plants. How to cite Business Organization, Papers

Price and Market for Analysis of Airlines Pricing -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePrice and Marketfor Analysis of Airlines Pricing Strategy. Answer: Introduction Airlines have always practiced charging different prices from different customers. In the huge world of aviation history, this phenomenon of different prices exists for every airline, small or big. The airlines charge different prices for the tickets based on flying class, extra services such as meal cost, luggage cost, time of ticket sales, time of flying, season, privilege membership etc. This is termed as price discrimination in economics. The practice of selling the same product or service at different prices to different consumers for maximizing revenue and profit is known as price discrimination (Baumol and Blinder 2015). The sellers act as a monopolist or oligopolists and determine the price through price discrimination. In the airlines industry, the price of the tickets fluctuates over the period of sales. It rises rapidly when the departure date approaches. It is a very important phenomenon because an individual pays a price for the seat, which might be significantly differe nt from the person sitting next to him. This practice helps the airlines to maximize profits multiple times than what they would have made otherwise. This phenomenon is also known as price differentiation or intertemporal price discrimination. This occurs when heterogeneous customers take entry into the market at different point of time, this creates incentives and opportunities for the airlines to discriminate the price and maximize profits (Moulin 2014). The following report focuses on economic analysis of the pricing strategy by the airlines. Price Discrimination Various Aspects of the Exchange Process Price discrimination is a very common practice in the business world. Firms apply this practice to get different prices from different customers. This is a pricing strategy that enables the firms to charge differentiated prices for the same good or service. Under pure price differentiation, the firms charge the maximum price to each consumer, which he is willing to pay. In the common practice, it is seen that firms make segmentations of the consumers based on different attributes and make separate target groups and charge different prices to different customer groups (Varian 2014). When the profit from separate markets is greater than the profit from the combined market, the firms go for price discrimination. The relative demand elasticities of the markets determine the level of price discrimination. In a relatively inelastic market, the price is charged at a higher rate and in the relatively elastic market, price is charged at a lower rate (Baumol and Blinder 2015). Figure 1: Price Discrimination (Source: Varian 2014) There are three types of price discrimination, namely, first degree, second degree and third degree. First degree discrimination arises when a firm charges the maximum price for each unit that a consumer is willing to pay. This process captures the entire consumer surplus for the firm. The second degree occurs when the firms charge different price for different quantities of a product or service consumed. For example, when a firm gives discount on bulk purchases, then second degree discrimination is practiced. In third degree, a company applies price discrimination to different customer groups (Nicholson and Snyder 2014). In case of airlines, the industry has the market with different customer segments. From high value business customers to lower income class and holiday tourists, the airlines have one of the most diverse and segmented markets. The third degree discrimination is most common in this industry. The airline companies make different segments of market based on income, needs, tastes and preferences, and prices accordingly (Chandra and Lederman 2015). The airline companies and different groups of customers are the agents in this system. An airline charges higher price for a particular flight, whose demand is high. Similarly, people prefer to travel on weekends; hence, the weekend flights are more expensive than weekday flights. Price differentiation occurs in the economy and business class tickets, for additional services such as, meals on board, extra leg room, blankets, books, magazines, headphones, luggage, booking time, flying schedule, on and off season, choice of destination etc. Hence , the airlines charges price for convenience. The business class tickets are way too costly than the economy class tickets, but the comfort is much more in the business class, with special services such as extra leg room, complementary meals, extra luggage allowance etc. Again, the flight, which departs at midnight is priced lower than the one that departs in a convenient time in the day. Time of purchase is also crucial in this industry. As the departure date closes in, the price rises considerably. Lower price comes with certain disadvantages such as non transferable and non refundable tickets, no extra luggage allowance, no complementary meals etc. (Escobari and Jindapon 2014). The equilibrium outcome is achieved when the combined profit is maximized. The airlines use techniques, like, Expected Marginal Seat Revenue (EMSR) for optimizing the fare. This system depends on choice and distance of destination, revenue generating opportunities across the network. When the difference between the cost of flying, that is, fuel cost and operating cost and the revenue earned is maximized, equilibrium is reached and fare is decided for different groups of customers (Lazarev 2013). Factors Affecting market Outcomes Over Time There are many factors that can affect the market outcome over time. Firstly, the customer profiling made by the airlines help to set the prices. The airlines can make reasonable assumptions on the profile of passenger traffic on a route and set the prices accordingly. For example, the price for a holiday destination is different from that for a business destination. Similarly, when the airlines assume that tourists generally book for an early morning flight, and months before the holidays, then they are tempted to raise the price high for the seats on the holiday destination routes and would adjust later based on the market demand. On a business route, the airlines start with lower fare to fill up a minimum capacity and then start raising the prices. Majority of the companies have introduced privilege services for high value passengers such as frequent flier miles and extra add on services, like transferable tickets, extra leg room, meals, gifts, discounts etc. (Dai, Liu and Serfes 2014). Secondly, the cost reduction is another major factor that could affect the market outcome. In a competitive industry, fuel efficiency and reduction of total cost can give advantage to the airline companies. This can result in decline in the ticket prices and increase in popularity. Through technological improvement, market integration, and market competition, the companies can develop profit maximizing strategies and fuel efficiency (Marshall 2015). Thirdly, the regulatory policies by the governments affect the market prices for the airlines. In a free market environment, the companies can determine their own pricing as per the competitive advantage to reach their goals in short and long term. However, if the government starts to regulate the prices to reduce the market exploitation, then the impact of price discrimination would be reduced (Chandra and Lederman 2015). Welfare Implications of the Exchange Outcome and Scope for Public Policy Intervention (efficiency vs equity) The exchange outcomes include the operating cost reduction, fuel efficiency and government regulatory policies. With the technological improvement, the airlines can reduce its cost of operations. It also helps in achieving fuel efficiency. This would result in fall in the ticket prices, which would be beneficial for the customers. In this context, the concept of efficiency and equity can be illustrated. Efficiency refers to optimal production and allocation of the given resources with the existing factors of production. On the other hand, equity refers to the way the distribution of resources occurs throughout the entire society. In the airlines industry, efficiency can be achieved in many ways, through quality of product, quality of services and effective pricing (Czerny and Zhang 2014). Technological development can make the flights fuel efficient and increase the level of comfort with the flight. These are preferred by majority of travellers. However, the airlines want to reap off the entire consumer surplus; hence, their revenue is increased at the cost of consumer surplus. There is a scope of welfare in this system, as people can afford comfort by paying a certain cost (Friedman 2017). When the demand functions in several different markets are obtained from the distributions of the reservation prices, with a difference only in averages, there exists certain conditions, which leads to higher output and higher welfare in case of third degree price discrimination in the airlines industry (Cowan 2016). According to Varian (2014), welfare is reduced under price discrimination when the production is not increasing compared to the production under uniform pricing. However, the airlines charge price according to the affordability of the public and offer the services accordingly. This increases welfare. On the other hand, the exchange outcome explains that equity is not achieved. The distribution of resources throughout the society is not equal and the welfare is not generated by it. The airlines distribute the services for all kinds of sections within the society. However, they offer different services for different passenger groups at different prices. Hence, people afford the tickets and services as per their income status. Thus, equity is not achieved through price discrimination (Marshall 2015). The governmental policies work as the public policy intervention in the airlines industry. It should put a price cap on the pricing. After the deregulation of airlines happened in 1978, the airline companies started to make profits by charging different prices from different customers, although the fares became cheap and affordable. The practice is still going on. However, the combined profits of the industry are going down and customer satisfaction level is also going down (Moreno-Izquierdo, Ramn-Rodrguez and Ribes 2015). Due to deregulation, fares were reduced, along with that, the volatile fuel price, international competition with less labour cost, led to welfare generation for the consumers. However, to achieve equity, price discrimination should be reduced, but since, the airlines need to make profits, regulation by the government should be limited to safety (Borenstein, S. and Rose 2014). Conclusion It is a very old practice by the airlines of the world to charge different price for the same product to different groups of consumers. It is a profit maximizing strategy by the airlines. It makes segments of the customers on the basis of income and tastes and preferences. The customers pay different prices for the same services. The airlines make a trade off between high price more convenience and low price less convenience system. The business and economy class have different type of services, such as extra baggage allowance, complementary meals and alcohol, extra leg space etc. Based on the timing of ticket purchase, time of flying, the ticket prices differ. However, through price discrimination, the airlines achieve cost reduction and efficiency, but equity is not achieved. It can be concluded that through government intervention, price cap can be imposed on the business class tickets, but that would not be profitable for the airline companies. The government can impose regulatio ns on safety standard, but price discrimination would continue to be practiced by the airlines industry. References Baumol, W.J. and Blinder, A.S., 2015.Microeconomics: Principles and policy. Cengage Learning. Borenstein, S. and Rose, N.L., 2014. How airline markets work or do they? Regulatory reform in the airline industry. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 63-135). University of Chicago Press. Chandra, A. and Lederman, M., 2015. Revisiting the relationship between competition and price discrimination in the airline industry. Cowan, S., 2016. Welfare?increasing third?degree price discrimination.The RAND Journal of Economics,47(2), pp.326-340. Czerny, A.I. and Zhang, A., 2014. Airport congestion pricing when airlines price discriminate.Transportation Research Part B: Methodological,65, pp.77-89. Dai, M., Liu, Q. and Serfes, K., 2014. Is the effect of competition on price dispersion nonmonotonic? evidence from the us airline industry.Review of Economics and Statistics,96(1), pp.161-170. Escobari, D. and Jindapon, P., 2014. Price discrimination through refund contracts in airlines.International Journal of Industrial Organization,34, pp.1-8. Friedman, L.S., 2017.The microeconomics of public policy analysis. Princeton University Press. Lazarev, J., 2013. The welfare effects of intertemporal price discrimination: an empirical analysis of airline pricing in US monopoly markets.Unpublished manuscript. Marshall, G., 2015. Hassle costs and price discrimination: An empirical welfare analysis.American Economic Journal: Applied Economics,7(3), pp.123-146. Moreno-Izquierdo, L., Ramn-Rodrguez, A. and Ribes, J.P., 2015. The impact of the internet on the pricing strategies of the European low cost airlines.European Journal of Operational Research,246(2), pp.651-660. Moulin, H., 2014.Cooperative microeconomics: a game-theoretic introduction. Princeton University Press. Nicholson, W. and Snyder, C.M., 2014.Intermediate microeconomics and its application. Cengage Learning. Varian, H.R., 2014.Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company.

Negotiation Techniques and Third-Party Intervention free essay sample

Negotiation Techniques and Third-Party Intervention Some of the techniques that can be used to lessen a persons reluctance In order to avoid the need for a third party to intervene and manage negotiations are: not negotiating or postponing negotiations until there Is an Indication that there Is something to gain that may not be possible to be gained through other alternatives. Reluctance is at times considered reversed psychology and it is recommended not to fall victim of this trap, one must prepare well and take comfort, and not appear to be anxious in the face of your counterpart _ These techniques are consistent with the estimation process in the sense that if the other persons attitude does not change to coincide with yours, negotiations should be terminated, by simply refusing to negotiate In the style dictated by the other side. Negotiations can be terminated completely or postponed, with the condition author requirements regarding approach or process will be met. We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation Techniques and Third-Party Intervention or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sing these techniques and knowing your alternatives during the negotiation process can pay off big. Considering the event of this situation, I would let the other company know of my concerns regarding the tone, and attitude of reluctance from a member of their team. If the matter if not corrected within reasonable time, I would postpone negotiations for a later date (If time permits) while also designating the location for the meeting and provide the conditions regarding the current Issues. If by then the persons attitude still does not coincide with mine, I wall analyze how Important cleaving this goal Is and It there are any other alternatives to gain the desired results. Depending on the outcome of the analysis I can then decide to accept the changes without involving a third party or refuse to negotiate until requirements are met. If the attitude of reluctance changes o a more cooperative attitude, negotiations can proceed, while still maintaining a close eye on the person that was previously reluctant. There is a high possibility that the person, who earlier displayed an unacceptable attitude, can now view the solution as a contest. Therefore, one must have to control responses to the various intimidating and manipulative tactics that may be used against you. In such case, a concentrated effort should be made to use counter tactics designed to emphasize that you have what the company needs . Lastly, it should be confirmed at the outset hat the goal is for a complete agreement and that each issue or solution is tentative until the entire matter is addressed and agreed upon.

Evaluation of Naturalistic Improvisation Essays

Evaluation of Naturalistic Improvisation Essays Evaluation of Naturalistic Improvisation Essay Evaluation of Naturalistic Improvisation Essay In our Drama lessons over the past few weeks, we have been working on a style of drama called Naturalism.  Naturalism is a style of drama, which accurately recreates the details of real life on stage. It attempts to make events/situations as realistic as possible, including the characters.  We were made to create and rehearse a naturalistic improvisation and present it to the whole class.  Firstly, we thought of a setting that we could act as realistically as possible. We didnt think of a plot. I.e. a classroom or a family round the dinner table etc. We then went off and thought about our own individual characters, then shared out ideas with the rest of the group. During rehearsal, we each thought about our characters status, objective, action and subtext. I based each of these things on specific features of different friends. I.e. one of my friends status would be very confident and conveyed to the audience by slouching on a chair but with her head up high. Another friends objective would be to get whatever she wanted etc. Status means how much confidence someone has and how much they are thought of in the world. My characters status was quite high (except she wasnt thought of in the world!!) until the end of our piece. She was very confident in herself and towards other people. She could have been seen as a bully. Her body language however, showed a moody teenager. She had her feet up on a chair that she had moved in front of her, she was moving her head and feet backwards and forwards to the beat of the music from her walkman whilst slouching down on another chair. The objective means what the actors aim is by the end of the scene or play. This is what they want to achieve. The objective of my character was to get some piece and quiet. Ashe was in detention, despite her refusal, with a miserable and boring teacher (David), her friend (Roxana), and an annoying new girl! (Vaishali). Vaishali wouldnt stop talking however much Nicola (my character) tried to stop her. My characters action started off as being very subtle. At the opening scene she was moving her head and foot to the beat of her music whilst playing with her nails. This made an affect as when Vaishali came in, Nicola suddenly became motionless as she stared at Vaishali. Apart from moving around a lot, the end of the piece involved Nicola looking in a mirror doing her make-up and hair. This involved more movement. Action means any kind of movement in a scene whether it be walking and dancing to running and fighting. Subtext is the invisible meaning behind what someone says. Just because they say it doesnt mean they mean it. Subtext can be shown through facial expressions and body language. In our improvisation, Nicola uses a lot of subtext. A lot of subtext was used towards Vaishali. Nicola appeared to look interested in what Vaishali was saying, but Nicolas facial expressions and body language showed that it was the complete opposite. Some subtext was used towards Nicolas teacher. When Nicola and Roxana threw some paper at him he questioned everyone. We lead him to believe that we would never do anything as rude as throw paper at someone and insisted that it was Vaishali. He believed them then, but the two girls got caught later on. I thought our piece of naturalism went quite well and I feel that I played my character quite natural and realistic as possible. There were only a few improvements that I think we could of made. They are:  1. Davids character could have been shown and introduced to the audience a bit more. I.e. he could have been included into our scenes more often.  2. Roxanas characters and mine could have been a bit more different, as we appeared practically the same. For example, we could have same characteristics but have completely different opinions that make us argue a lot. This could of happened on stage.  3. All of our characters could have been studied and explored in a great detail. We could of all found people to base our characters on, and either study them or ask them about themselves. I slightly id this but not to a great extent. I think this way; our characters would have been more natural, more real and more pure.

Negotiation Resolution and Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negotiation Resolution and Conflict - Essay Example However, those with lacklustre performance should be held accountable through their pay. (Pearlstein, 2008) The problem situation began when Chancellor Michelle Rhee proposed to the teachers’ union at Washington D.C. the controversial change in their employment contract. The proposal in essence proposed a higher-pay-for-job-security swap. Teachers will be given the option of earning up to $131,000 within the ten-month school year, but will have to relinquish absolute job security and a personnel-and-pay system based nearly exclusively on years served. The Rhee proposal also includes: protection from arbitrary firings, professional development and support, and a growth model of achievement. But on the negative side, it proposes the removal of grossly incompetent and abusive teachers, and a more stringent evaluation method to gauge teachers’ performance. (Rhee, 2009) While some members of the teachers’ union, such as Washington Teachers’ Union (WTU) President George Parker, and American Federation of Teachers (AFT) leader Randi Weingarten, see the merits behind this proposal, others see it as a deprivation of their right to tenure which they currently enjoy. They also protest the proposed evaluation method as subjective and disadvantageous to teachers. This has caused the controversy, not only between administration and teachers, but also among the ranks of the teachers themselves. (Pearlstein, 2008) On the other hand, it is admitted by researchers that compensation â€Å"based mostly on seniority and formal credentials rather than performance†¦has become untenable, as the teaching profession has changed dramatically over the last few decades.† (Hess and Loup, 2008) Obviously, D.C. Chancellor Rhee is using the carrot-and-stick tactic; higher pay and privileges for well-performing teachers, and sanctions / dismissal for incompetent and abusive teachers. On the teachers’ side there is the realization that

IS CPHL214 A PHILOSOPHY COURSE OR WHAT Assignment

IS CPHL214 A PHILOSOPHY COURSE OR WHAT - Assignment Example In the second paragraph, unsubstantiated attributions are made to the professor. While the professor might have said â€Å"critical thinking skills are good things to have†, he did not seemed to have said that â€Å"its good to be picky, argumentative, always finding something wrong with whatever students write, and cynical†. The latter is merely an interpretation on part of the writer as to what the professor meant by his comment. This interpretation comes across as exaggerated and negatively biased against the professor. Moreover, while there is a link between critical thinking courses and the broader philosophy courses, whether or not the courses are â€Å"good† is an irrelevant deviation from the argument. The last two lines of the second paragraph are also display an error in syllogism. It doesn’t stand to reason that all critical thinking courses are philosophy courses, just because this claim cannot be proven false. In the third paragraph, the perusal of hear-say evidence of Bertha weakens the argument. Moreover, Bertha’s friends don’t represent the entire student population, in order that sweeping conclusions could be made based on the evidence provided by her. That Bertha’s friends’ course did and CPHL214 did not talk about the â€Å"meaning of life† doesn’t make the two courses incompatible – they could just be two variations of a common theme. In the fourth paragraph the assertion that â€Å"meaning of life is interesting† appears arbitrary, unsubstantiated as it is with any rationale. Likewise, â€Å"there’s no way CPHL214 is interesting† is also a subjective judgment and not an indisputable fact. Defining philosophy as the â€Å"study of human life† is too simplistic and vague for the purposes of classifying CPHL214. Coming to the fifth paragraph the fact that the professor works for money and that he has a stake in the functioning of the

Tight Binding method for carbon nanotubes Essay

Tight Binding method for carbon nanotubes - Essay Example Carbon nanotubes are long, thin cylinders of carbon and have a very broad range of electronic, thermal, and structural properties that change depending on the different kinds of nanotube. The chiral vector of the nanotube, B'= nR1 + mR2 where R1 and R2 are unit vectors in the two-dimensional hexagonal lattice, and n and m are integers. Another important parameter is the chiral angle, which is the angle between Band R1. Diameter D = a3 (n2 + nm + m2)/ p ,Where, ac is the distance between neighboring carbon atoms in the flat sheet. The different values of n and m lead to different types of nanotube. They are armchair, zigzag and chiral nanotubes. Armchair nanotubes are formed when n = m and the chiral angle is 30. Zigzag nanotubes are formed when either n =0 or m==0 and the chiral angle is 0. Other nanotubes, with chiral angles between 0 and 30, are known as chiral nanotubes. The properties of nanotubes are determined by their diameter and chiral angle, both of which depend on n and m. The electronic characteristics of the nanotubes have been done by numerical band structure, the structure of the chemical bonds. is given by the local spatial structure of the orbital. The electronic structure of the nanotube fragments are calculated by SCF-MO-LCAOVmethods. In this method, only valence electrons are taken into account and the three- and four-center integrals are omitted and the repulsion of lone electron pairs can be explained. The SCF convergence criterion was 10-8for total-energy changes and 10-5 for charge-density changes between two subsequent cycles. Band structure calculations of [n, 0] (n = 6, 7, 8, 9)tubes were performed using the tight-binding Hamiltonian, with a universal set of first and second nearest-neighbor hopping integrals that reproduce various carbon structures, including graphite. The 2s, 2px, 2py, 2pz, and s* orbital of each carbon atom are used as the basis set for expressing the tight binding model. The Hamiltonian matrix elements and related parameters are obtained by adjusting the model to fit photoemission band-structure data. The (6, 0) carbon tube seems to have the lowest diameter and are thermodynamically unstable. The bonds at the ends of the nanotube fragments get saturated by hydrogen atoms. The structural unit of the tube is the distorted carbon hexagon. All c-c bonds were assumed to be of the same length: 1.4 . Page 3 The distance between third-neighbor carbon atoms along the tube circumference is 2.39 . The point group symmetry of the (6, 0) nanotube fragment is determined by the number N of carbon hexagons along the tube axis. There is a difference between heat of formation of the nanotube fragments, caused by the boundary atoms affect, strongly at the central part of the nanotube fragment. In the above Figure, the dispersion curves of the (n, 0) tubes with n = 6... 11 are shown. This tube family splits into three groups. The (3n, 0) tubes have vanishing energy gaps. The gap increases in (3n + 1, 0) and in (3n + 2, 0) tubes. Consequently, (6, 0) and (9, 0) tubes will likely show metallic conductivity, similar to graph. In graphite, orbital are represented in carbon nanotubes, the radial orbital are analogous to the lone orbital of graphite .This changes the character of the frontier orbital

Writing Proficiency Exam Paper Essay Example for Free

Writing Proficiency Exam Paper Essay Many factors can cause stress in our communities. These factors range from the result of violence in schools to the proliferation of social media tools, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Stress affects people in different ways. Some ways can drive a community apart while others can bring them together. This paper will provide evidence to show it is possible for communities to take action, adapt to changes in positive ways and reduce stress. Taking Action Action can take many forms. Action can be physical, verbal, or silent. In recent years, protesters took to the streets in opposition to the government bailout of Wall Street. The protesters assumed the name of the 99 Percent. The 99 Percent marched through the streets shouting down the Wall Street bankers, but their main weapon was not the megaphone, it was ‘silent occupation.’ Soon, this action became known as Occupy Wall Street. The goal of the Occupy movement was to show the wealthy bankers that they were not going to get away with their crimes and get a free handout from the taxpayers. As a result, the politicians on Capitol Hill listened and began to implement a wider set of reforms and consumer protections. Communities can accomplish similar changes. One of those ways is to leverage current forms of technology. Social media tools like Twitter have the power to spread news quickly. Community groups can use Twitter to organize grass-root actions, such as marches, and to keep  members connected by quickly sending updates and detailed meeting notes instantly. Recently, a local community organized an effort to force their local government to reinstate a local sheriff who was fired due to their sexual orientation. The local movement shamed the city council and the sheriff was rehired within weeks. Adapt to Changes in Positive Ways It is possible for communities to adapt to stressors in positive ways. In my opinion, a person has the power to choose how they want to react to certain stimulus. So, if an individual has this power, why not a community? For example, if someone were to spit on the local mayor, this technically constitutes an assault. The mayor could call the sheriff and have the man arrested and jailed; however, the mayor could first try to talk with the individual to come to an understanding of the person’s issues. Afterwards, the mayor should have him arrested; otherwise, others may be motivated to follow suit with the spatter. The mayor demonstrated an act of compassion by choosing to talk and mostly likely earned a few points with the constituents. My point is that if one person can adapt positively to factors of stress, a community can choose to take action in positive ways as well. Reducing Stress Turning negative stress into a positive outcome can be challenging but not impossible. Communities can be very complex. One reason is that communities are comprised of many individuals, each with their own thoughts, values, and ethics. If an act of violence were to take place at a local school campus, some individuals might choose to hide and wait it out. However, others may believe the best action is to fight fire with fire and take the to the streets like vigilantes. In my opinion, both of these reactions will lead to a great amount of stress because they are reactions based upon fear. A better way to react would be to put trust in the local authorities. The local authorities are better trained to handle crises. Another way to avoid or reduce stress would be to shut off the television or computer. Turning off these devices would minimize the stress of constant news updates that would only serve elevate fear. Conclusion In closing, this paper set out to address the issues communities face when  faced with negative factors. School violence and stress caused by social media are common issues dealt with across the country. How we choose to react to these issues can affect our local communities for the good or in bad ways. Parents could decide to pull their children out of school. Angry fathers could act out violently and take matters into their own hands. Constructive alternatives are available. The local police department can invest in better infrastructure and communications networks. They can also improve communication with the surrounding communities to build confidence in their ability to respond during emergencies. Communities can build a stronger bond by choosing to look at stressful factors in positive ways and increase their understanding of how they can prepare and respond during periods of high stress.

Graduation Speech: Im Ready for High School :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Wow, three years have passed and the last day is just as long as the first. Three years of hard discipline and learning to get used to homework every night. Three years of standing on the front steps waiting for my parents and saying goodbye to my teachers. I never thought the goodbye might be permanent. 6th grade came and I was looking up at those giant 8th graders, and now I guess I’m one of them. 6th grade, and I was saying hello, and now 8th grade has come and it’s gone from introductions to goodbyes as my last days as a middle school student wind down. 8th grade, 8th grade from the opening day to the signing of the yearbooks. This is the year of memories, goodbyes, and regrets. 8th grade and I’m still realizing that there are people in the world that would die to go to a school like this. A school where every body knows everyone’s name, respects everyone, and where violence and fighting are about as common as the Yankees missing the playoffs. When I’m done with my homework and go to bed, as the days of 8th grade wind down, summer will come and go, and I will find myself in one of those giant, scary places called high school. The first time I heard C.R.I.S.P. all I could think of was my mom’s rich apple pies. Now C.R.I.S.P. has more of a meaning. Every day I see C.R.I.S.P. in the hallways and classrooms, not only on the walls but among my fellow students. Everyone wants to help each other out because that’s the way we work here. Everyone tries hard to do their best and be the best person they can be. Looking back on my three years at Twin Cities Academy, I find myself wondering how all these years came and went so fast. I still watch myself walking through the same halls and sitting in the same classrooms as I did back in 6th and 7th grade and I’ve seen myself grow so much, mentally, socially and physically. I still remember everything that has happened throughout my years, the best of times, and the worst. So here I am, not sure if I’m trying to stretch out my final days in a school that has taught me so much, or waiting for a 90-day-straight school-free period. I guess I want to savor these final days with some students that I just met, and some that I’ve known for 3 years because this may be the last time that I see them.

Banana Cake Essay

Greetings, my fellow visitors, today, I would like to recommend a few local dishes which you might want to indulge yourself while you are here. Firstly, I would like to recommend you an intercontinental dish known as†¦ Chilli Crab Chilli Crab, also known as Singapore’s unofficial â€Å"national dish† is cooked in various ways. The most common style is done with chilli and sweet-sour sauce ribboned with beaten egg. My favourite way and probably the most common, is to eat it with French bread or Chinese buns called Mantou to help you soak every last drop of delicious sauce. I strongly recommend all of you to try this dish as it is by far the best seafood dish in Singapore. Secondly, I would like to recommend to you the famous Chinese dish†¦ Fried Hokkien Mee You can easily imagine, from this description, how good this dish tastes! Egg noodles and rice vermicelli otherwise known locally as bee hoon, stir-fried with pork, prawn, squid, bean sprouts and loads of garlic, and then braised in a rich pork and prawn stock. The dish is served steaming hot and garnished with fresh lime and a dollop of spicy chilli sambal. Alive with the pungencies of both China and Southeast Asia, Fried Hokkien Mee is one of the favourite Singapore dishes. Now, I would like to recommend a unique dish eaten by all races. This dish is none other than†¦ Mee Rebus Translated into English, this dish means simply ‘boiled noodles’ — but the dish is anything but simple. It is yellow egg noodles in thick, spicy, slightly sweet gravy, garnished with boiled eggs, sliced green chilies, fried cubes of beancurd, and fresh lime. Some people add a dash of dark soy sauce as a finishing touch†¦. Just like our multiracial society, Mee rebus is a fine example of a fusion cuisine. The egg noodles, beancurd and dark soy sauce are Chinese touches, while the gravy speaks of combined influences from Indian and Malay cuisine, with its curry-like flavour and use of dried shrimp and tamarind. Last but not least, I would like to recommend the traditional Indian dish†¦ ? Roti Prata A dough-based flat pancake that is cooked by heating over a flat grill plate. Roti prata is commonly served with either vegetable or fish curries, but it is not unusual to see it being eaten plain with white large-grain sugar. Prata-making has been refined to such an art that if you’re lucky, you’ll sometimes see cooks get theatrical with the flipping and turning of the prata as it’s being cooked over the plate.

Loneliness in Hamlet

Loneliness in Hamlet The article â€Å"Personal and Social Influences on Loneliness: The Mediating Effect of Social Provisions† defined loneliness by stating, â€Å"First, loneliness is thought to result from perceived deficiencies in one’s social world. Second, loneliness is thought to be a subjective state experienced by the individual, rather than some objective feature in the individual’s social world. Third, this experience frequently is unpleasant and distressing† (Kraus et al. 85). Everyone faces loneliness and despair in their lives.In today’s world people may feel misunderstood or isolated, or they could feel deficient because the lack a family or missing a loved one. In Hamlet, much of the loneliness and suffering he endures is due to the secrets he is forced to keep. There were many instances where Hamlet felt alone and upset, but he could not share his pain with anyone else. We can also find examples of Hamlet’s despair due to bet rayal from his so-called friends. The loneliness and despair in Hamlet are factors that added to his suffering and caused his overall demise.Hamlet is a lonely, isolated character, with few friends and little faith in humanity. His loneliness plays a great role in his downfall, by alienating him from his friends and family and eventually taking control of his actions. He does not share the knowledge of his father's murder with anyone. He can't trust his friends and family, and he hides his true feelings from his only love, Ophelia, adding to her insanity. These events eventually lead to his downfall, and could have been avoided by sharing his dilemma.Throughout the play, Hamlet discovers who is loyal to him and also who his real enemies are. Right away, Hamlet dislikes his uncle. He is already distraught over losing his father, but he has also to deal with the marriage of his beloved mother to his uncle, who killed his father and whom he perceives as being cruel and cold-hearted. Ha mlet refers to his uncle as, â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind† (1. 2. 564). This clearly demonstrates the extreme hatred Hamlet has towards his uncle. Hamlet also feels intensely betrayed by his mother.Claude Williamson states that â€Å"[†¦] the shock which he suffered on hearing of the murder and on realizing the full horror of his mother's action made, as it were, a wound in his mind, which hurt whenever he thought of his uncle or of his mother's connection with that uncle† (98). Hamlet trusted his mother and feels as if she has disregarded any love she ever felt towards her former husband. In Hamlet’s eyes, his mother has offended his father, and he blames her for his death. Hamlet says to his mother, â€Å"A bloody deed!Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother† (3. 4. 621). This shows that he is revolted by the idea of the marriage between his uncle and his mother. Hamlet also encounters loneliness a nd despair with Ophelia. Due to his experiences throughout the play, Hamlet distances himself from Ophelia, whom he is actually in love with. He does this by insulting her and convincing her that he is mad and never had any true feelings for her. By pretending to be mad and not telling Ophelia about his true feelings, he is misleading her as well.Ophelia believed his affections were true and she fell in love, only to be crushed by his madness. However, in his madness, Hamlet came to see Ophelia in a disheveled state, â€Å"[†¦ ] with his doublet all unbraced, no hat upon his head, his stockings fouled, ungartered, and down-gyved to his ankle, pale as his shirt, his knees knocking [†¦ ]† and frightened her (2. 1. 585). Her father bid her not to speak to him, and she complied. Poor Hamlet sank deeper into his madness, alone and dejected. Ophelia, also depressed, was ready to take her own life.Hamlet is devastated because he never actually meant to hurt her. Hamlet say s, â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum† (5. 1. 654). This shows how much Hamlet truly loved Ophelia. The last factor that contributed to Hamlet’s loneliness is that he didn’t share his problems with anyone (except for Horatio). He hid his hatred towards his uncle, the loss he felt with his mother, and the secret of his encounter with his murdered father’s ghost. If he had told more people his secrets, then they could have been more willing to help him.The person who could have helped him the most and spared him the most grief is Ophelia. By telling her about his father’s murder and about his plan to avenge his death, Ophelia would have provided Hamlet with comfort and understanding. His tragic flaw came from the misleading act he put on in order to hide his ambitions, and the crafty schemes he came up with to reach his goals. However, some topics are so complex that Hamlet may face limitations in discussing them with people who are not as deep as he.Hamlet’s loneliness was caused by many incidents, some of which Hamlet brought upon him himself. Had he shared his problems with the few people he could trust, and not hidden the knowledge of his father's murder, he might have avoided the great loss of his family, his friends, and his life. Secrets, deception, and despair plagued Hamlet throughout the play, and ultimately caused his downfall. It is important that we have support from our friends through difficult times. When we alienate people by keeping secrets from them, it is to our disadvantage. We cause our own loneliness.

Fn08 Extra Credit Essay

Fn08 Extra Credit Essay Fn08 Extra Credit Essay Extra Credit FN08 Page 27 Exercise 1 Exercise 1: Where do you get your financial advice? Identify all the sources. In what circumstances might you seek a professional financial advisor? There are many circumstances in which one might want to seek the advice of a financial advisor. For example planning for retirement or having inherited money and other assets. It is important to seek a financial advisor especially when your financial circumstances are complicated. I get my financial advice from bankers, CPAs, lawyers, insurance agents, tax advisors, family, friends and teachers. It is important to know where your advisors interests lie and to have an idea of what your financial goals are. Working with a financial advisor prior to retirement is ideal. It is never too early to start saving and make your money work for you. There are many questions that one will need to answer when planning ahead for retirement. â€Å"How much do I need to retire?† â€Å"Can I afford to retire?† and â€Å"Will I run out of money?† Many people are able to track spending, saving and investing on their own. However when questions or decisions become too complicated it is best to seek professional advice. Those who inherit may not have much experience in managing large sums of money or assets. In this case it would wise to seek the help of a financial advisor to help plan for the future. An investment advisor would be appropriate in this case to help make investment decisions that would

The Medici Effect Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Medici Effect - Case Study Example Despite the fact that all the ideas he develops do not materialize all the times, the truth is that the ideas exist. After analyzing this person, I have concluded that the main opportunity for the person or group in the case, is the nurturing of the Medici effect, which in real sense is taking the opportunity of intersecting disciplines and cultures, and combine the existing concepts as presented by those cultures and disciples, to come up with a wide range of extraordinary ideas (Johansson, 7). The example that Johansson has given is that of the Medici family that created an intersection of cultures and disciplines through funding various kinds of experts such as poets, philosophers, painters, artists, sculptors, scientists, and architects, who in turn came together to learn and discuss from one another (Johansson, 3). Through learning, they intermarried the ideologies, perspectives and concepts to come up with a range of newly creative ideas that broke the barriers between the disciplines, and thus charted the way for revolution, growth and immense developmental advancement. To take advantage of these opportunities, I suggest that a person or group of individuals should focus on multidisciplinary integration, which entails integrating ideas from various disciplines and cultures, as opposed to isolating the disciplines and learning them independently. This is because, teaching the various disciplines differently gives rise to directional ideas, which follows a similar and common path (Johansson, 163). However, while allowing various cultures and disciplines to intersect while being studied, an opportunity arises where an individual or a group of people can generate an idea that is a hybrid of the various cultures and disciplines, which charts a new direction of development, allowing the individual or a group of individual to generate an idea that is of their own. The creation of a novel idea then generates followers, and makes the

Patient's Right Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Patient's Right - Assignment Example Patients should consent to care independently without the influence of the caregiver. However, in some instances, consent to care may be hard to realize. This occurs in the case of an emergency. Incompetent patients who cannot make informed decisions on whether to accept or reject treatment calls for a third party; that consents on behalf of the patient. Parents, close relatives or court-appointed guardians are involved in this case (Council of Ethical and Judicial Affairs, 1995). Mr. X who suffers from a GI disorder expresses dissatisfaction, anger or bad feelings towards a nurse who wants to administer enema to him. As earlier pointed out, patients have the right to accept or reject treatment. This patient is termed depressed and uncooperative. However, the fact that he expresses his concern towards the treatment sets him in a position where he can make a sound decision in regard to the treatment. Mr. X is uncooperative, meaning that he fails to practice or put into action what the nurses require of him. Therefore, the patient is a state that allows him to make independent choices on the treatment offered to him. He can choose whether to take it or leave it. The nurse disregards the patient’s concern and goes ahead to administer the enema. Although the nurse has a legal responsibility to take care of the patient, it is the patient’s decision to accept or reject the care. When the patient tells the nurse that he does not want the enema administered, the nurse should have made a consideration of the patient’s protests before going ahead to administer it. A consideration was important in this context because patients have a right to refuse treatment (Council of Ethical and Judicial Affairs, 1995). The nurse may have disregarded the patient’s protests on the basis that he was depressed and uncooperative. However, if the nurse made her decision based on this factor, her decision would not be binding until a third party is involved. A cl ose family member to Mr. X would have been involved in the decision of whether to administer the enema or not. Therefore, the patient has a legal case against the nurse. The nurse fails to listen to the patient, and therefore goes ahead and does what she thinks is best for the patient. Failure to listen to the patient and the fact that the nurse ignored the role of a third party in the care giving decision results in an intentional tort. Since the nurse has a legal responsibility to take care of the patient, the nurse should have taken time to explain the benefits of enema to the patient. On the same note, the nurse should have highlighted the relative risks of refusing the enema. It is important to consider that the patient is said to be depressed and uncooperative. In this regard, the role of a close member comes in. The nurse should have consulted Mr. X’s family before administering the enema if she thought that Mr. X was only being stubborn. Although the patient is termed to be uncooperative, he takes his time to explain what happened to his son. In this case, the relationship between the father and the son can be defined to be a good one. The nurse should have waited for a family member like Mr. X’s son to decide and consent on whether the enema should be administered or not. This way, the nurse could not have